Upgrade Rails workflow to true CI (#1353)

* Upgrade Rails workflow to true CI

The existing Rails CI example only runs linters, which is not continuous
integration. This change brings the Rails example workflow up to par
with the other web framework CI flows, like Django.

This example is optimized for Rails 7, which does not include NodeJS,
webpack, or yarn by default. No Rails application code changes are
required for this flow to run the tests, and both minitest and rspec are
supported via the `test` rake task.

* add Rails icon

* use env vars, hopefully

* use the full hash for ruby/setup-ruby

* remove PORT since services cannot use it

* stop repeating identical step envs

* resolve env var declaration error

* update setup-ruby to the SHA of v1.92

* use setup-ruby SHA for lint job too

Co-authored-by: Bishal Prasad <[email protected]>

icons/rails.svg

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