diff --git a/ci/gradle.yml b/ci/gradle.yml
index 8e0d1e4..4642c75 100644
--- a/ci/gradle.yml
+++ b/ci/gradle.yml
@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     branches: [ $default-branch ]
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   build:
 
diff --git a/ci/msbuild.yml b/ci/msbuild.yml
index 3cd8f01..c50354e 100644
--- a/ci/msbuild.yml
+++ b/ci/msbuild.yml
@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@ env:
   # https://docs.github.com/actions/learn-github-actions/managing-complex-workflows#using-a-build-matrix
   BUILD_CONFIGURATION: Release
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   build:
     runs-on: windows-latest
diff --git a/ci/python-publish.yml b/ci/python-publish.yml
index f55528c..ec70354 100644
--- a/ci/python-publish.yml
+++ b/ci/python-publish.yml
@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@ on:
   release:
     types: [published]
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   deploy:
 
diff --git a/code-scanning/ossar.yml b/code-scanning/ossar.yml
index 01af5af..cbef5a2 100644
--- a/code-scanning/ossar.yml
+++ b/code-scanning/ossar.yml
@@ -17,10 +17,16 @@ on:
   schedule:
     - cron: $cron-weekly
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   OSSAR-Scan:
     # OSSAR runs on windows-latest.
     # ubuntu-latest and macos-latest support coming soon
+    permissions:
+      contents: read # for actions/checkout to fetch code
+      security-events: write # for github/codeql-action/upload-sarif to upload SARIF results
     runs-on: windows-latest
 
     steps:
diff --git a/code-scanning/powershell.yml b/code-scanning/powershell.yml
index c50f268..1d72a9b 100644
--- a/code-scanning/powershell.yml
+++ b/code-scanning/powershell.yml
@@ -17,8 +17,14 @@ on:
   schedule:
     - cron: $cron-weekly
     
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   build:
+    permissions:
+      contents: read # for actions/checkout to fetch code
+      security-events: write # for github/codeql-action/upload-sarif to upload SARIF results
     name: PSScriptAnalyzer
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
diff --git a/code-scanning/snyk-container.yml b/code-scanning/snyk-container.yml
index 874f43b..0fbbf87 100644
--- a/code-scanning/snyk-container.yml
+++ b/code-scanning/snyk-container.yml
@@ -22,8 +22,14 @@ on:
   schedule:
     - cron: $cron-weekly
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   snyk:
+    permissions:
+      contents: read # for actions/checkout to fetch code
+      security-events: write # for github/codeql-action/upload-sarif to upload SARIF results
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v3